Apparatus for compressing steel ingots.



PATENTED DEC; a, 1907 N. H. 0. LILIENBERG.

APPARATUS FOR GOMPRESSING STEEL INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED 1130.11, 1906.

@@@ qwd K C C C A Q A A A N No. 872,830. PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907. N. H. 0,LILIENBERG.

APPARATUS FOR GOMPRESSING STEEL INGOTS.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.11,1906.

HEET' 3.

No. 872,880. v PATENTED DEC. s, 1907.

N. H. 0. LILIENBBRG.

APPARATUS FOR COMPBESSING STEEL INGOTS.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO.11, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

wa inw No 872,830. PAIENTED DEC. 3, 19d??- N. H. 0. LILIBNBERG.APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSING STEEL INGOTS.

AIPLIOATION FILED D36, 11, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5,;

w No. 872,830. PATENTED 13130.3, 1907.

N. H. 0, LIL-IENBERG. APPARATUS FOR GOMPRESSING STEEL INGOTS.

- APPLICATION FILED 11110.11, 1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET e.

UTTE

srrns A r c APPARATUS FOR 'GOMPRESSING STEEL INGOTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

)Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

Application filed December 11, 1906. Serial No. 347,331. I

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that.]., NiLs H. O. LILIEN- BERG, a subject of the King ofSweden, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainimprovements in Apparatus for Compressing Steel ingots, of which thefollowing is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide apparatus for siniultaneouslycompressing a number of ingots, as soon as they have solidified to anextent suflicient to permit of the stripping of the molds, in order toreduce the segregation and secure a finished product which shall be freefrom pipe and sound throughout its mass.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine for producingingots, as above indicated, which shall be of such a nature to requirefor its operation but a relativelysmall amount of hand labor and shallat the same time be of high efficiency of action.

it is further desired to provide a machine for carrying out theoperation of compressing w the ingots, which shall be of relativelysimple construction and of sucha nature as to require but littleattention or repair.

These objects I attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1, 2 and 3, are sideelevations illustrating on a small scale the apparatus comprising myinvention; Fig. 4, is a plan view of the apparatus. showing its parts inthe same relative positions as are illustrated in Fig. 3; Fig. 5, is arear end elevation of the hydraulic cylinders and certain of theircontrolling mechanism employed in carrying out my invention; Fig. 6, isa section of the press, showing also in elevation one of the cars and aningot mold thereon; Fig. 7, is a plan view of thc hynlraulic cylindersand a portion of the press, illustrating the means for automaticallyfeeding the wedges into position; Fig. h, is aside elevation of thehydraulic cylinders, and a vertical section of the press taken on theline 88, Fig. 7; Fig. 9, is a transverse vertical section of the presson a scale somewhat larger than that of Fig. 7, the same being takenonthe line 99 of said figure; Fig. 10, is a horizontal section taken onthe line 1010, Fig. 9,-Fig. 11, is a plan of a modified form of myinvention, par ticularly designed for compressing ingots while theystand in a casting pit; this figure illustrating the various parts inpositions 00- cupied by them during casting; Fig. 12, is a horizontalsection of the apparatus shown in Fig. 11, illustrating the variousparts the positions occupied during the operation of compressing theingots; Fig. 13, is a vertical sectio'n on the line 1313, Fig. 12j Fig.14, is an end elevation of the machine shown in Fig. 11; .Fig. 15, is avertical section on the line 15-15; Fig. 13; Fi 16, is a transversevertical section on the illustrating the positions occupied by thevarious parts while the molds are being stripped from the ingots, andFig. 17, is a transversevertical section taken on the line 171.7, Fig.12.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, of the above drawings, o--a are thecars of a train designed to each carry a series of ingot molds a (therebeing in the present instance three to a series) and upon which saidmolds rest during the operation of casting the ingots. Each car carriesa single bottom piece atup- Wardly flanged at its ends, designed to formthe bottoms of the ingot molds upon it, as Well as to confine betweenits flanges the lower ends of a frame a These frames of cast iron areeach constructed to fit over the tops and between'the ingots carried onone car, and to confine them at the ends and top While leaving them openat the sides. The width of the frames, while it may be varied to suitany case, is, as shown inFigs. 9 and 10, about three inches less thanthatof the ingots. The object of the frames is to maintain the ingots intheir proper vertical positions'while they are standing upon the carsafter the molds have been strip ed from them and are also designed tocon me the ingots during their compression as hereafter described.

B and B are a pair of hydraulic cylinders, having piston rods b and brespectively connected to each other by cross heads N, designed to besupported and guided by a pair of rods on guides b 0 represents thepress, which, as shown best in Figs. 6, 9 and 10, consists of a pair ofvertically extending walls 0 supported upon a suitable bed or foundation0, preferably made of heavy castings provided with verti-- cal ribs, asshown in Fig. 10. These two wall structures extend for a lengthsu'l'licient to receive between them the entire train of cars a, withthe exception of two extra end cars,

which are employed for the purpose of permitting the locomotiveremaining at a proper distance from the press. Said walls are held'ne.16-16, Fig. 11,

pairs of channels c and c at each of the four corners thereof.

Suitably suspended irom the upper series of bolts 0? are two series ofelongated blocks (1 and d; the first of these being hung so as tobeadjacent to one of the walls 0 and. the

other being supported so as to be at such a .distance from the bloc {S das will permit of an ingot being entered between thenn Upon the base orfoundation. 6 and suitably placed relatively to the two series of blocksd and d are car tracks c f or the rccclp- 'tion of the cars a, and itwill be see tuat l 1e second series of blocks a may be moved toward orfrom the ingots D upon the rods or bolts 0 For the purpose cl forcingthese blocks towards the'ingots to compress the but ter, I provide{ii-series oi wedge-shsped blocks E designed to be forced between oneoi. the walls a and the series of blocks cl and in order to preventundue friction between the adjacent surfaces of these parts, l. providetwo series of steel rollers e and c. The rollersoi' one series arecarried by a pair of link chains which run in or are guidciil bychaimcls or other rolled sections (2 supported on one laceof the blocks(1, and extend through a suit able cavity formed longitudinally in saidblocks; these rollers being guided around the ends of the blocks, asshown in Fig. 7. The second series of rollers e is similarly supportedon the inside lace ol the wall 0 adjacent to the blocks (1 and,extending arouinl the ends of said wall structure, returns in suitableguid'cways a supported on the out side of said wall. away from theingots after those have been com ress'ed I crovidea series oi wei hts fr I t hung from the long arms of suitably suported levers f. ".lhe shortarms of these evcrs are connected by rods f to the upper port-ionsof theblocks d, so that soon as the force tending to move said blocks lo wardsthe ingots is removed, said Weights become eilectivc to draw them back.

Between the hydraulic cylinders and'tho end of the press, 1 provide aplatform G movablc transversely of tbeline oi movement oi the pistonrods 1) and l); designing this for the suppoi iol the wedge blocks Eprevious to their entrance into the press. This platform is of theendlpss variety and is constructed to be periodical] y moved so as to doliver the wedges in lront cf the cross head If attachedio the pistonrods. For the purpose of causing said operation, 1 provide said platformwith a series ol driving wheels 9 For moving the blocks d.

erases having ratchet teeth, and for moving said wheels l employ a rack9 whose teeth point in such a direction that when it is move toward thepiston rods 1) and I), it will cause revolution of the wheels {1, whilewhen it is moved in the opposite directi'oi'i it will slip over theteeth cl said wheels without moving them.

Rigidly attached to and parallel with the rack g is a second rack 9'designed to be engaged by a gear 9 carried on a vertical shaft g, whilea second gear g carried on the upper end of this shaft, is designed tomesh with a rack g fastened to one side of the upper part of the crosshead N, as shown in Fig. 7 As a result of thisnaonstruction, just beforethe cross head reaches the inner end of its stroke this latter rack willgive a partial revolution to the gear 9 and hence to the gear 9 therebymoving the platform G a predetermined distance toward the plane ofmovement of the piston. rods.

Nhile the admission and exhaust of motive fluid for actuating the pistonof the two hydraulic cylinders may be controlled by hand through. theagency of the lovers 1), l! and 1 may cause such control to be automaticby the use of a rod 72 carrying a pair of adjustable stops 72- and. hand con- ..cctcd to the cross head if so as to be moved iongitinlinallythereby. For this purpose the two lovers 1) and I)" are connected by alink I) so as to be caused to move together when engaged by the stop h,and similarly the lever I) may be moved by the stop h.

In operating my improved apparatus a charge of molten steel is cast inthe various molds a carried on the cars a, and as soon thereafter as themetal has cooled sulliciently, said molds are stripped from the ingots.The frames a, which have been supported on a suitable platform adjacentto the tracks 0, are placed respectively over each set of three ingots;it being noted that the construction of said frames is such as to per--mit of their being moved sidewisc. into position, as shown in Fig. 2.The train is now moved so that all of its cars upon which ingots arecarried are within the press and the series of wedges E on the latlorm(l are successively forced by the hydraulic apparatus between the walls(2 and the series of movable blocks (1,.

As will be understood by those skilled in the art, those ingots firstcast will have cooled. to a greater degree thanthosc cast at a latertime and in view of this fact I so proportion the wedges and so arrangethe speed of their passage through the press that the i11gots,will becompressed to such an extent that the formation of pipe within them isrendered impossible by reason of the fact that the pressure follows up,as it were, the contraction. of the metal as the still liquid interiorof each ingot becomes solid. With. this idea in view the comp'rcs- I theingot may be described as at all times full to the to there being thusno possi bility of the ormation of cavities.

I have found that for the treatment of ingots 60 in. high and 18 in.square, weighing about 2% tons, wedge blocks 6 it. in length and 3 ft. 9in high may be employed; the taper of the wedges being such that thefirst cast ingot should be only half compressed when the last ingot atthe other end of the machine is beginning to be comressed. Assuming that20 wedges are to be used and that one-half of these shall be in thepress at one time, I have found it desirable to compress the ingots soas to reduce their width 3 vin. The taper for ten wedge blocks wouldtherefore be an inch and a half, that is to say, about one-eighth inchforeach block. 'In addition, the ta er should be somewhat-.-. greater inthe fist blocks than in the last ones passing through the machine, forthe reason that the ingots cool more rapidly at first than they do justbefore the last liquid in them becomes solid. Of the twenty wedgeblocks, I preferably make the first of a thickness of 12 in. at one send and 12%; in. at the other end, while the last block is 14% in. atone end and 15 in. at.

.row paralle -sided bloc s. E, asshown in half on each side.

Fig. 10, and these may e 12 in. wide so as to leave a clearance space ofan inch and a soon as the last of the wedges E is replaced by the blocksE, the weights f act to a'uto matically-draw thgzmovable blocks d to:

ward the wall 0, thereby freeing the ingots upon which these arecarried;

andmaking it possible to withdraw the cars While it is possible to usepermanently/f headed bolts instead of the nut and washer constructionshown in Fi 9, this latter form 15 more desirable for t e reason that'incase of accidental sticking of the .wedges, the machine pan be relievedby backing off It uill'lbe thenuts on the bolts '0 and c. understoodthatvthe wedges are placed'upon the platform G preparatory-to theirinser-f tion in the machine and are forced one by one from said platformbetween the two series of rollers e and e by the cross head 65 Afterhaving made an outward stroke,the

rack g on the cross head causes a partialv It will beseen that as.

l-l "to 17 inclusive.

a supporting baseC seas/to form 'whatis' lurn to the shaft as the crossheadis moved ioward the cylinders B and B, thereby moving the platform(1 to such anextent that anotherwvedgc is brought in line with saidcross head. As this latter moves'out at .the beginning of anotherstroke, the rack again causes a partial revolution of the said shaft,but in the oppositedireetion to that above noted, and because of theinclination given tothe teeth of the rack g and ratchet wheels 9,thisdoes not cause moving of said platform, since said rackrnerely slipsover said wheels. v; i r

As previously noted, the operation of the hydraulic cylinders may becontrolled automatically through the agency of thelrod hi and the stopsh and h thereon, or by hand through the levers I)", b and b 1 The timeoccupiedby the above described series, of operations will be, underworking conditions, as follows :The pouring of the steel into the moldwill take about seventeen minutes, and if three of the ingots werestripped at one time, this would'occupy about six minutes. The placingof the frames around the stripped ingots would probably take sixminutes, and it is possible that from one to two minutes would beconsumed in moving the train into positionin thepress. After the frameshad been placed, the compression would occupy about fortyfive minutesfor ingots of thesize noted above. 1 7

As the wedges are discharged from the machine any desired means may beemployed for returning them to the platform G, such-for example as thecrane used in moving the molds and frame, or, if desired, w some form ofconveyer may be used, which, as it forms no part of the presentinvention, has not been illustrated. It will be noted,- however, thatthe wedges shown are provided with recesses having cross bars e tofacilitate their transportation by means of a crane.

i/Vlien-it is desired to cast the ingots in a casting pit and tocompress them in said pit, I modify the construction of' certain of theparts of, my invention, as illustrated in Figs.

In such case, I providean elongated structure supported on suitablefoundations; this consisting, in the present .'ins' tanc'e,,, of twolongitudinallyextending l-rousin'gs l?, and made in. a number ofsections, as llustraied, and securely bolted 'to in effect the, bott omand two parallel sides of an elongated casting pit. i

- Bolted or otherwise .permanentlyfixed to 1 thehousmgs' C? are anumberof mold sectioiis (1 the outer faces of which are pro vided with aseries of vertical recesses each substantially triangular in-section andsimilar in shape to one-half bf the ingot to be compressed. To thehcusingsC are also 136 (I there is material variation in the amountpermanently fixed a series'of flat plates c and between these and themold sections (1 are a second set of .mold sections d, each provided v.ith vertically extending recesses similar and opposite to thosein thesections d; it being noted that the two sets of recesses are so formedthatthey will act obliquely upon an ingot, preferably when one of itsdiagonals is substantially parallel to the general line of the machine.

As in the form of my invention previously described, I provide a seriesof wedge blocks Edesigned to be forced through themachine by a ram bactuated by fluid under pressure within a cylinder B. Two sets ofendless roller bearing chains (1 and c are provided, as before, toreduce the iriction between the wedges and the faces of the parts d" andc;

provision being made whereby the roller chain c returns through suitablechannels within the housing 0-, while the chain 0 re turns through thehousing C.- The mold sections (1 are supported upon the base piece C insuch manner (in the case illustrated, on rollers) as to be easilymovable toward and from the sectionsd, and in order that there may be nomechanism. or other structure to interfere with the casting andstripping operations, I provide a series of rods or bars a, each ofwhich has at one end a rack a, while its other end is suitably connectedto one of the sections d Plates 7) form the bottoms of the various ingotmolds during the casting operation and are supported on fire brickstructures 1) in such manneras to leave lon gitudinally extending spacesp' which serve as gutters for the reception of slag, scale, etc, whichgathers under operating conditions. The rods 'n, for moving the moldsec,- tions (1* are loosely connected to the bottom plates 7) so that asthe sections (1 are moved toward the mold sections d, said plates p arelikewise moved with their ingots towards said latter sections. ()ntheother handfas the mold sections (1 are moved in the oppositedirection, the plates 1) are not moved um til said sections have firstmoved a predotermined distance away from the ingots, after which a heada" on an extension. 115 of each rod n engages a lug n on each castingplate 77, thereby pulling it with its ingot away from the mold section(1. i a

mold sections (l",'l provide .a shaft R extending long'itudinally of themachine through the housin' and provide this with a' series of pinionsor gear wheels 1' meshing wit h the respective racks a of the rods '11.Adjacent to one end of this shaft I provide a vertically placedhydraulic cyliiuler- 1-, having connected to its piston rod a rack rwhose teeth mesh with a gear wheel 1" on the shaft lt. it

will be understood that as the mold sections approach or .recedc fromthe mold sections In order to simultaneously move all of the of slack inthe roller bearing chain. e extending outside of the machine, and inorder to take this up, I provide a pair of guide rollers sand 8, ofwhich the latter is carried upon a pair of arms s free to swing axiallyof the guide roller 8. These arms are of such a length that when themold sections are in the positions illustrated in Fig. 11, they arecompelled by. the roller chain c, which passes around the rollers s ands, to lie in a plane transverseto the axis of the machine, while whenthe mold sections are at a minimum distance apart, as shown. in Fig. 12,the slack of the chain is completely taken up when said arms liesubstantially parallel to the axis of the machine; the roller 3 beinfor-this purpose swung outward from its first position. In order thatthis operation. may be properly performed, I fig; to one of the arms 6 atoothed segment 8 and turn this by means of a rack rod 8properlyactuated by a pinion 1' upon the shaft R.

For forcing the last half of thewedges through the machine, I provide,as before, a series of parallel sided and relatively narrow blocks E andin order that the wedges, as well as these blocks, may be automaticallyfed or delivered to the machine after once they have been placcdin asuitable position, 1 provide a platform G suitably supporting a seriesof rollers 9 Each of said rollers has mounted upon a prolongation of itssupport ing shaftor spindle a pimon g and each pin- 1on meshes withthose belonging to the rollers next adjacent to it.

In order that all the rollers may be turned in one direction. withoutintermediate gearing, alternate ones of said pinions are fixed to theirspindles, while the intervening pinions are loose, and for the purposeof driving these rollers 1 provide one of them with a pinion g",actuated from a pinion r on the shaft R. Admission. of fluid underpressure to the cylinder B is controlled by a rod h operated either by ahand lever 71, or by a cross head-on the ram 1).

Ulnler operating conditions, it will be understood that the moldsections (1 are caused by means of the rack rods a, the shaft It, andthe rack rod r, to move awa; from the mold sections (1 the said shaftbeing actuated from the piston in the cylinder 7' through themechanism,shown. The ingot molds are then placed on their respectivebottom plates 2) between the mold sections d and d and the steel ingotscast. As before described, the molds are stripped from the ingots afterthese have cooled to an extent sufficient to render this possible, andfluid under pressure is again supplied to the cylinder 1* so as to movethe mold sections towards the sections (1", the bottom plates operatirmof the shaft it by the cylinder r svaeao may not cause the wedges to befed from the roller table G, I provide some form of clutch which may bethrown so that the rollers will not be moved when the said mold sectionsd are moved towards the ingot-s and the sections (i The revolutionof'the shaft R in moving these parts into position to compress theingots' swings outwardly the arms 8 thereby taking up all slack of theroller bearing chain e and preventing this from sagging. The clutch r isnow so-operated as to cause the pinion r to be driven from the rack rod7* and the wedges E are then fed between the wall plates 0 and the moldsections (1 in the manner previously described; being followed by theparallel sided narrow blocks E. After the last of the wedges has beenpushed out of the machine, the blocks E, still remaining within themachine, are removed and the mold sections (1 pulled back by causing theshaft R to be turnedby power supplied from the cylinder r It will-beseen that after the sections (1 have been moved away from the ingotsapredetermined distance, their continued movement causes the heads n toengage the plates substantially parallel to the walls and to the line ofingots, and means for changing the direction of such force to cause itto act in' p and therebymove the ingots themselves away fromthe moldsections d, after which said ots are removed:

Wh' e that form of my invention illus-' trated in' Figs. 1 to 10inclusive, employs be tween the mgots'and the wedges a series of blockstructures (1, and when modified, as in Figs. 11 to 17 inclusive,employs mold sections (1 to perform similar functions, it is to,

be understood that these two structures are" broadly the equivalents ofeach other. I have, therefore, employed in the claims the weed blocks torefer to these parts and.

wish it understood that such term covers and includes either thestructures d or mold sections d between the wedges and the ingots,regardless of whether these are regular in shape or are recessed.

I claim as my invention:

1. An ingot press consisting of an elo'ngated frame having substantiallyparallel walls, means for supporting a series of ingots in asubstantially straight line between said.

walls, means for exerting forcein a direction lines substantially atright angles to the line of ingots, substantiallylas described;

2. An "ingot press consisting of an elongated frame havingsiubstan'tiallt parallel walls, wedges for the press, and [means forforcing said wedges through the, press to compress ingots placed betweenthe Walls, substantially as described.

3. An ingot press consisting of, an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel walls, a series of blocks movably supported between walls, aseries of wedges constructed to act between said blocks and one of thewalls, with means for forcing said wedges through the machine tocompress a plurality of ingots confined between the movable blocks andthe second of the walls,

substantially as describ'ed.

4. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel.

with means for forcing said wedges through the machine to simultaneouslycompress a plurality of ingots confined between the movable structureor-structures and the second of the walls, substantially as described;'5. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having,substantially parallel walls and means for simultaneously com pressing aplurality of ingots sup orted between said walls, said means including apluralit of pieces of progressively increasing widt and a device forforcing said pieces throu h the press, substantially as described.

6. ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel Walls, Wedges for the ress, and means for forcing said wedges trough the press to compress ingots placed between the walls, with adevice for automatically feeding wedges to said means, substantially asdescribed.

7. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel walls, wedges for'the press, and means for forcing said wedgesthrough, the press to compress ingots placed between the walls,

with a series of parallel-sided structures for forcing the wedges out ofthe press, substantially as described.

8. An ingot press consisting of an elon-- gated frame havingsubstantially parallelwalls, wedges for the press, and means forforcingsaid' wedges through the press to compress ingots placed betweenthe walls,

with a series of structures of less width than the Wedges for forcingthe wed ea out of the press, substantially, as'describe 9. An ingotpress consistingof an elongated frame having substantial! .p'arallelwalls, wedges forthe press means "or forcing ing the ction between thewedges and the surfaces engaged thereby, substantially as described. I

10. The combination in an ingot press of an elongated frame havingsubstantially parallel walls, a series of blocks inovably supthrough'themachine to compress a series of ingots supported between the walls, and

said wedges throughthe machine to compress in ots therein, and means forreduc-' 120 anti-friction rollers interposed between the wedges and thesurfaces engaged thereby, substantially as described.

11. The combination in an ingot press of an elongated frame havingsubstantially parallel walls, a series of blocks movably sup-- portedbetween the walls, wedges constructed to fit between said blocks and oneof the walls, means for forcing said wedges through the machine tocompress a series ot ingots supported between the walls, a pair ofendless conveyors, and anti-friction rollers thereon placed to beengaged by the wedges as they are forced through the machine,substantially as described.

12. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having twosubstantially parallel walls, transverse structures connecting saidwalls, a series of blocks movably supported on said structures, meansfor moving said blocks toward one of the walls to simultaneouslycompress a series of ingots, and other means for moving said blooms awayiroin'said wall to release said in 'ots. substantially described.

13. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel walls, a series of blocks movahly supported between said.walls; means for exerting force in a line substantially parallel to thelines of the walls to move said blocks toward one of the walls andsimultaneously compress a series of ingots, with other means for movingsaid blocks away from said walls to release said ingots, substantiallydescribed.

14. An ingot press consisting of. an. elongated frame havingsubstantially parallel walls and including structures extendingtransversely between said walls for holding the same together, twoseries of blocks supported upon said structures means for conveying aplurality of ingots toa position be tween the two series of blocks,means for moving one series of the blocks to compress the ingots, andother means for moving said series of blocks to release the ingots,substan tially as described.

15. An ingot press consisting of an. elongated frame having twosubstantially parallel walls, two series of blocks supported be" tweensaid walls, means for conveying a plu-- rality of ingots to a positionbetween said eries of blocks, means for moving one series of the blocksto compress the ingots, and other means for moving said series of blocksto release the ingots substantially as de scribed.

" 16. An ingot press consisting of anelongated frame havingsubstantially parallel walls, means for supporting line-of ingotsbetween said walls, means for simultaneouslygapplying a compressiveforce to those faces of said ingots pa *allei to said walls, and meansindependent of the compression means for preventing increase of thedimensions of erases the ingots in lines at right angles to the line ofcompression, so hst anti ally as described.

l7. An ingot press consisting of a device for exerting pressuresimultaneously upon a of ingots in lines substantially perpen dicular totwo inccs thereof, said device including a frame having a portionmovable towards and irom the series of ingots ii a line at right anglesto the line of said series, and. removable frames for confining theingets l'rmn more than a predetermined amount of change in dimensions;in directions at rightanglcs to the lines of action of the pres sure,substantially as described.

The combination of ingot conveying means consisting of a plurality ofcars, each (f-OflStlllCii-Kl to support a plurality of ingots, with apress acting in. lines at right angles to the line of cars forsimnltancously compressing the ingots thereon, and confining frames forthe ingots inrlc wndent oi the press structures, substantiallvjasdescribed.

19. The comliiination ol" ingot conveying ness thereof, and a devicestructurally independent of .ne compression means for coniining aplurality of ingots to prevent in. crease in the width thereof,substantially as described. I 1

20. An ingot pr consisting oi an elongated frame lnving si -;tai "=allyparallel walls, a series of wcr Ir the press, means for forcing saidwedges through the press to compress ingots placed between the walls,and a device for automatically feeding the wedges to said forcingdevice, substantially as described. I g

21. An ingot press consisting of an elongatedirame having substantiallyparallel walls, structures extending transversely between said walls, aseries of blocks hung from said structures so as to be movable toward orfrom the walls, a system otweights l'or autoinatically moving thebloclrsof the series towardone oi the walls to release ingots confined heen them and the other walls, with a oi wedges, and means for forcing;the wet longitudinally through. the machine lJOLd GL". one oi the wallsand the movable series of blocks, substantially as dcscr red. I

The combination. of an ingot press having substantially parallel walls,means for mechanically ci' nnecting series of bloel the walls, an endieonveyer, a seriesof anti-friction rollers supported. b the conveyerand. extending over one ace of the cond endless conveyer having a thesame, a s roovahly supported between.

the walls, and series pieces of orogresss in engagement with the twosets,

- porting a plurality of ingots between the other Walls of the press andthe series of movable blocks, substantially as described.

23. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having substantiallyparallel walls, means for compressing a series of ingots supportedbetween the walls, and frames for confining the ingots duringcompression, said frames having members for engaging those faces of theingots lying in planes substantially parallel to the lines of pressureon the ingots and being provided with a top piece connecting saidmembers, substantially as described.

24. ingot press consisting of two substantially parallel Walls,transverse structures connecting said walls, a track extending,betweenthe walls, ingot carrying cars therefor, frames for confining ingots onthose faces perpendicular to the lines of motion of the ingots passingthrough the press, two series of blocks hung from the transversestructures of the frame, one series being between the ingots and one ofthe walls, and the second series of blocks being movable between the inots and the other of the walls, a series 0 'pieces of progressivelyincreasing width placed to be forced between the latter series of blocksand the second of the walls, and means for forcing the pieces throughthe machine, substantially as described.

25. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having fixed sidewalls, a series v of wedges for-compressing ingots placed between thewalls, a device for periodically forcing a Wedge into the machine andthereby moving other wedges within the machine, a movable platform, andmeans for periodically actuating said platform to feed the wedges tosaid device, substantially as described. g

' 26. An ingot press consisting of an elongated frame having fixed sidewalls, t series of wedges for compressing ingots confined between saidwalls, a movable structure placed to deliver the wedges successively tothe press, a fluid operated device for forcing the wedges into andthrough the machine,

and means for automatically controlling said device and the wedgesupporting structure, substantially as described.

27. An ingot press having a frame including two substantially parallelfixed structures, a movable structure. between said gressivelyincreasing thickness, means for forcing said-pieces through the machinebetween the movable structure and one of the fixed structures, andframes for confining certain faces of the ingots not subjected topressure, substantially as described.

' 28. An ingot press having a frame including two substantially parallelfixed structures, a movable structure between said fixed structures, andmeans acting in a line parallel to the lines of said structures forforcing the movable structure in a direction at right angles to-saidline toward one of the fixed structures to compress a series of ingotssupported between said two structures, substantially as described.

29. The combination n an ingot press of two substantially parallelelongated structures, of which one is movable relatively to the other,and means acting in lines substantially parallel to the lines of saidstructures I for forcing them together to simultaneously compress aplurality of ingots supported between them, substantially as described.

30. The combination in an ingot press of two substantially parallelelongated structures, of which one is movable relatively to the other,means for forcin together said structures to simultaneous y compress aplurality of ingots between and in a line parallel with them, and means,independent of fixed structures, a series of pieces. of prothestructures, for confining the ingots from NILS H. o. LILIENBERG.

iNitnesses:

MURRAY 0. BOYER, Jos. H. KLEIN.

